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　　第十一篇　Is There a Way to Keep the Britain's Economy Growing

　　1.In today's knowledge economy, nations survive on the things they do best. Japanese design electronics while Germens export engineering techniques. The French serve the best food and Americans make computers.

　　2.Britain specializes in the gift of talking. The nation doesn't manufacture much of anything. But it has lawyers, stylists and business consultants who earn their living from talk, talk and more talk. The World Foundation think tank1 says the UK's four iconic jobs today are not scientists, engineers, teachers and nurses. Instead, they're hairdressers, celebrities, management consultants and managers. But can all this talking keep the British economy going? The British government thinks it can.

　　3.Although the country's trade deficit was more than ￡60 billion in 2006, UK's largest in the postwar period, officials say the country has nothing to worry about. In fact, Britain does have a world-class pharmaceutical industry, and it still makes a small sum from selling arms abroad. It also trades services — accountancy, insurance, banking and advertising. The government believes Britain is on the cutting edge2 of the knowledge economy. After all, the country of Shakespeare and Wordsworth has a literary tradition of which to be proud. Rock “n” roll3 is an English language medium, and there are billions to be made by their cutting-edge bands. In other words, the creative economy has plenty of strength to carry the British economy.

　　4.However, creative industries account for only about 4 percent of UK's exports of goods and services. The industries are finding it hard to make a profit, according to a report of the National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts4. The report shows only 38 percent of British companies were engaged in "innovation activities", 3 percentage points below the EU average and well below Germany (61 percent) and Sweden (47 percent).

　　5. In fact, it might be better to call Britain a "servant" economy — there are at least 4 million people "in service". The majority of the population are employed by the rich to cook, clean, and take care of their children. Many graduates are even doing menial jobs for which they do not need a degree. Most employment growth has been, and will continue to be, at the low-skill end of the service sector — in shops, bars, hotels, domestic service and in nursing and care homes.

　　詞匯：

　　ionic 偶像的

　　menial 仆人的

　　pharmaceutical 制藥的

　　注釋：

　　1.think tank：思想庫(kù);智囊團(tuán)

　　2.cutting edge：尖端的

　　3.rock' n' roll：搖滾樂(lè)

　　4.National Endowment for Science, Technology and the Arts：國(guó)家科學(xué)、技術(shù)和藝術(shù)捐贈(zèng)委員會(huì)

　　譯文：是否有辦法使英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)保持增長(zhǎng)

　　現(xiàn)今的知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系下，各國(guó)都發(fā)揮其特長(zhǎng)以求生存。日本靠生產(chǎn)電子產(chǎn)品，而德國(guó)出口工程技術(shù)。法國(guó)有著名的美食，美國(guó)則制造計(jì)算機(jī)。

　　英國(guó)人以口才見長(zhǎng)。英國(guó)制造不出什么東西，但卻有一把把的律師、造型師和商業(yè)顧問(wèn)。他 們每天的生計(jì)除了說(shuō)，還是說(shuō)。世界基金組織的智囊團(tuán)公布，如今英國(guó)的四大偶像職業(yè)已不再是科學(xué)家、工程師、教師和護(hù)士，而變成了發(fā)型師、名流顯要、管理顧問(wèn)和商業(yè)經(jīng)理。但這些以說(shuō)見長(zhǎng)的工作是否能保持英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)?英國(guó)政府認(rèn)為可以。

　　盡管2006年英國(guó)的貿(mào)易赤字已超出600億英鎊，創(chuàng)英國(guó)戰(zhàn)后史上的最高，英國(guó)官方卻稱此不足為患。事實(shí)上，英國(guó)的確擁有世界先進(jìn)水平的制藥工業(yè)和可以小賺一筆的軍工業(yè)。除此之外，它還出售服務(wù)業(yè)，即會(huì)計(jì)業(yè)、保險(xiǎn)業(yè)、銀行業(yè)和廣告業(yè)。英政府認(rèn)為英國(guó)正處在知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的風(fēng)口浪尖上。畢竟這個(gè)誕生出了莎士比亞和華茲華斯的國(guó)度有著可以引以為榮的文學(xué)傳統(tǒng)。搖滾樂(lè)也是傳播英語(yǔ)的媒介，英國(guó)就有很多頂尖的搖滾樂(lè)隊(duì)，可以帶來(lái)數(shù)十億的收入。換句話說(shuō)，這種以創(chuàng)造力為本的經(jīng)濟(jì)有諸多優(yōu)勢(shì)來(lái)承載英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。

　　然而，創(chuàng)造力產(chǎn)業(yè)占英國(guó)出口商品和服務(wù)的總額還不足4%。據(jù)英國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)、技術(shù)和藝術(shù) 捐贈(zèng)委員會(huì)報(bào)告，這些行業(yè)越來(lái)越發(fā)現(xiàn)盈利不易。報(bào)告顯示只有38%的企業(yè)進(jìn)行有關(guān)創(chuàng)新的活 動(dòng)，比歐盟的平均水平還要低三個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，更是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落在了德國(guó)(61%)和瑞典(47%)之后。

　　事實(shí)上，稱英國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)為“仆人經(jīng)濟(jì)”或許更形象些——因?yàn)橹辽儆?00萬(wàn)人在做服務(wù)性工 作。英人口的大多數(shù)受雇富人，替他們做飯、打掃和看孩子。甚至許多大學(xué)生正從事體力勞動(dòng)， 根本用不著文憑。雇傭增長(zhǎng)的大部分過(guò)去是，將來(lái)仍將是由服務(wù)業(yè)中的低端技術(shù)部分實(shí)現(xiàn)，即商 店、酒吧、賓館、家政服務(wù)和養(yǎng)老院這樣的地方。