又黄又www的网站_青青草.com_在线亚洲美日韩_九九九国产视频_√天堂8资源中文在线_一区二区三区免费网站_久久久久国产一区二区三区_人妻激情偷乱视频一区二区三区_一本到在线视频

　　20

　　5.1在主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間插入一些說(shuō)明的成分;多了一些名詞

　　In 1527 King Henry VIII sought to have his marriage to Queen Catherine annulled so as to marry Anne Boleyn.

　　①so as to marry

　　②so that he could marry

　　正確;①的話前面有兩個(gè)名詞主語(yǔ);Henry和Queen Catherine;這樣會(huì)使大家對(duì)后面的動(dòng)詞marry，到底是誰(shuí)發(fā)出了這個(gè)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生一定的困惑

　　5.2前置短語(yǔ)：在主語(yǔ)之前放了一些修飾成分

　　EG: (When the auditors left), the executive (who had ben interviewed was glad)

　　提示： 從句始終只是句子中輔助的成分，類似形容詞，名詞和副詞在句子中起的是minor的意思，并不能影響句子的主干;影響句子的主干依舊只是 名詞 動(dòng)詞 代詞和動(dòng)詞

　　6.表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)潔

　　6.1 主動(dòng)優(yōu)于被動(dòng)

　　A surge in new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as some analysts previously thought.

　　① Claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as some analysts previously thought

　　② Claims suggesting the economy might not be as weak as previously thought to be by some analysts

　　A 正確;as weak as some analysts previously thought 比 as weak as previously thought by some analyst 好; 表述清晰，簡(jiǎn)潔;

　　The peaks of a mountain range, acting like rocks in a streambed, produce ripples in the air flowing over them; the resulting flow pattern, with crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, are known as "standing waves."

　　① Crests and troughs that remain stationary although the air that forms them is moving rapidly, is

　　② Stationary crests and troughs although they are formed by rapidly moving air, is

　　although the air that forms them is moving rapidly 比 although they are formed by rapidly moving air 好 主動(dòng)的意思表達(dá)更清晰

　　6.2 能用名詞的地方用名詞，能用動(dòng)詞的地方用動(dòng)詞

　　A twenty-one ceramic dog figurines were discovered during the excavating of a 1000-year old Holokam village in Tempe, Arizona, has nearly doubled the number of these artifacts known to exist. a. Discovering twenty-one ceramic dog figurines at the excavating

　　b. The discovery of twenty-one ceramic dog figurines during the excavation.

　　B正確，用了名詞;A錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)閯?dòng)名詞帶有動(dòng)詞的屬性，他無(wú)法解釋是誰(shuí)發(fā)出了這個(gè)動(dòng)作。名詞更加清晰簡(jiǎn)潔。

　　Leaching, the recovery of copper from the drainage water of mines, as a method of the

　　extraction of minerals, it was well established as early as the eighteenth century, but until about 25 years ago miners did not realize that bacteria take an active part in the process.

　　A. was a well-established method of mineral extraction

　　B. was a well-established method of extracting mineral that was

　　21

　　a正確; b的同樣問(wèn)題，extracting的動(dòng)作發(fā)起者同樣無(wú)法確定

　　7.一些詞語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)的用法

　　7.1Number的用法小結(jié)

　　幾種用法之間區(qū)別：非核心詞與核心詞;number的意義;number與相關(guān)成分的單復(fù)數(shù)一致關(guān)系。

　　a number of / numbers of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + 動(dòng)詞復(fù)數(shù)

　　可以理解為量詞結(jié)構(gòu)，a number of表示一些，numbers of表示大量，of后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞才是核心詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞因此總是復(fù)數(shù)

　　Many students arrived early, but only a number of them worked on their exercises.

　　The lake produces a good number of (=a lot of) salmon each season. Numbers of birds fly across the lake.

　　另外：any number of 用于非正式場(chǎng)合，表示大量

　　There could be any number of (=many) reasons why she's late.

　　It seems likely that a number of astronomical phenomena, such as the formation of planetary nebulas, are caused by the interaction of two stars orbiting each other at close range.

　　When the technique known as gene-splicing was invented in the early 1970’s, it was feared that scientists might inadvertently create an “Andromeda strain,” a microbe never before seen on Earth that might escape from the laboratory and kill vast numbers of human who would have no natural defenses against it.

　　the number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) + 動(dòng)詞單數(shù): number是核心詞，可以被具體的一個(gè)數(shù)字表示 可數(shù)物品累積起來(lái)的數(shù)量, 可數(shù)名詞需用復(fù)數(shù)形式

　　這時(shí)number是核心詞，可以被具體化為一個(gè)數(shù)字，如50或者100，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞因此總是單數(shù)

　　The number of students who participated the interview was 100.

　　Today’s case brings the number of successful prosecutions in the region to thirty-four.

　　[這里有個(gè)疑問(wèn)有待考證：是否可以從例子派生出The numbers of girl and boy students are respectively 30 and 70? 如果可以，則規(guī)則為：the number(s) of + n.(總是復(fù)數(shù)) + v.(單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)-取決于number的形式)]。 A Labor Department study states that the number of women employed outside the home increased by more than thirty-five percent in the past decade and accounted for more than sixty-two percent of the total growth in the civilian work force.

　　Los Angeles has a higher numbers of family dwellings per capita than does any other large city.

　　有人問(wèn)為什么不選(D) higher numbers of family dwellings per capita than do other large cities(C). ETS：the plural numbers is incorrect in that there is only a single number of such dwellings.

　　這題是什么時(shí)候用單數(shù)，什么時(shí)候用復(fù)數(shù)number的好例證：ETS的意思是，因?yàn)槿司》棵娣e只用一個(gè)數(shù)值就可以表示了，例如20平方米/人，即number 就是這個(gè)數(shù)，所以number 和對(duì)應(yīng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用單數(shù)。另外，比較級(jí)higher表示將LA的number 和其他城市相應(yīng)的number相比：one number is larger/greater/higher than the other number.

　　numbers作為核心詞，表示可以被具體化的幾個(gè)數(shù)