GMAT語法精講全面解析01
發布時間：2012-05-29 共9頁
5. The striking differences between the semantic organization of Native American languages and that of European languages, in both grammar and vocabulary, have led scholars to think about the degree to which differences in language may be correlated with nonlinguistic differences.
A. that of European languages, in both grammar and vocabulary, have
B. that of European languages, including grammar and vocabulary, has
C. those of European languages, which include grammar and vocabulary, have
D. those of European languages, in grammar as well as vocabulary, has
E. those of European languages, both in grammar and vocabulary, has
首先發現差異性 have和has的區別; both and平行要注意; that和those看看指代的誰
正確
Has的動作發起者應該是differences，這里用has錯誤
Those的話，找千面的唯一指代，發現organization做并列;那么這里應該是that而不是those
Has的動作發起者應該是differences，這里用has錯誤
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Has的動作發起者應該是differences，這里用has錯誤
6. The bones of Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur that is a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembles South American predatory dinosaurs, have been discovered in Madagascar.
(A) The bones of Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur that is a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembles South American predatory dinosaurs, have been discovered in Madagascar.
(B) The bones of a meat-eating dinosaur, Majungatholus atopus, a distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and with a close resemblance to South American predatory dinosaurs, has been discovered in Madagascar.
(C) In Madagascar, the bones of a meat-eating dinosaur, Majungatholus atopus, distantly related to Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembled South American predatory dinosaurs, have been discovered.
(D) A distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex, bearing a close resemblance to South American predatory dinosaurs is Majungatholus atopus, a meat-eating dinosaur, the bones of which have been discovered in Madagascar.
(E) A distant relative of Tyrannosaurus rex and closely resembling South American predatory dinosaurs, the bones of a meat-eating dinosaur, Majungatholus atopus, have been discovered in Madagascar.
(A) 正確, 主謂一致; a meat-eating dinosaur that…作為Majungatholus atopus的同位語,解釋說明Majungatholus atopus; dinosaur that is a distant relative…and closely resembles…結構符合平行要求
(B) 主謂不一致,主語the bones,謂語應該用have been; and前后不平行,前者是名詞,a distant relative后者是介詞短語with a close…
(C) 介詞短語In Madagascar離它的修飾對象have been discovered太遠,
(D) 改變句子重心,原句的重心是bones have been discovered,而該選項的重心是a distant relative is Majungatholus atopus; bearing a close resemblance to結構表達笨拙,并且原句中該成分同a distant relative并列,而這里變成分詞結構,修飾a distant relative,成為了附屬成分
(E) and前后不平行,前者是名詞a distant relative,后者是動名詞closely resembling; a distant relative從邏輯意思上不能作為bones的同位語
7. Scientists say that each of the photographs taken of the Ares Vallis plain by the Mars Pathfinder indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that rocks were scattered by its force.
(A) indicate the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that
(B) indicate that the extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago was overwhelming and the degree to which
(C) indicate the overwhelming extent of the floods on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
(D) indicates the overwhelming extent of the flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree to which
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(E) indicates the overwhelming extent to flooding on the planet billions of years ago and the degree that
句子結構: Scientists say that each of… indicates the overwhelming extent… and the degree…1) each of 復數名詞 + verb,謂語動詞用單數 2)習慣用語:the extent of sth 或者to …extent, 表示…的范圍 3) 習慣用語:the degree to sth 或者to…degree, 表示…的程度 4)同一句子中，連詞連接的對象一定要平行
(A) 主謂不一致, indicate的主語是each,應該用單數形式;extend to sth錯,應該改為extend of sth; the degree that錯,應該改為the degree to which
(B) 主謂不一致; and前后對象不平行,前者是句子,后者是名詞結構
(C) 主謂不一致
(D) 正確, indicates和主語each主謂一致;extend of sth和degree to sth符合習慣用法
(E) extend to sth和degree that不符合習慣用法
8. The Achaemenid empire of Persia reached the Indus Valley in the fifth century B.C., bringing the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and southern Indian alphabets.
(A) the Aramaic script with it, from which was derived both northern and
(B) the Aramaic script with it, and from which deriving both the northern and the
(C) with it the Aramaic script, from which derive both the northern and the
(D) with it the Aramaic script, from which derives both northern and
(E) with it the Aramaic script, and deriving from it both the northern and
(A) from which 的 which 指代 it 即 The Achaemenid empire ，而從邏輯意思上,which 應該指代script. 根據倒裝結構的要求,was 應該用 were
(B) and 錯誤的將 bringing 和 deriving 并列起來,使得 deriving 后面的結構也成為了主句的伴隨狀語,而邏輯上 both the northern and the southern Indian alphabets 是從 script derive 來的.因此導致邏輯意思錯誤.
(C) 正確，后半部分是倒裝，應該是 both the northern and the southern India alphabets derive from the Aramaic script
(D) derives 應該改為用復數形式
(E) 犯了同 B 選項相同的邏輯錯誤
9. The list of animals that exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include the lower vertebrates.
(A) exhibits a preference of either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include
(B) exhibits the preference to use either the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded and includes
(C) exhibit a preference in either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include
(D) exhibit a preference for using either the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded to include
(E) exhibit the preference as to either using the right or the left hand (i.e., claw, paw, or foot) has been expanded and includes
主謂一致:本句要注意兩處主謂一致,一是The list…has been,二是animals
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(A) that指代animals,因此that從句的謂語應該用復數; either…or…結構中using the right和left hand不平行
(B) exhibits使用錯誤導致主謂不一致; and includes和has been平行,共同作為The list的謂語.則該句子可化為The list… has been expanded the lower vertebrates和The list… includes the lower vertebrates兩個句子,前者明顯不通.
(C) either using the right or the left hand結構不平行
(D) 正確,注意到了兩個地方的主謂一致;the right和the left平行且使用to include避免了B選項的錯誤
(E) as表示作為…的意思,后面應該接簡單名詞; either…or結構不平行; has been expanded and includes改變了原句的意思
10. Often incorrectly referred to as a tidal wave, a tsunami, a seismic sea wave that can reach up to 150 miles per hour in speed and 200 feet high, is caused by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
(A) up to 150 miles per hour in speed and 200 feet high, is
(B) up to 150 miles per hour in speed and heights of up to 200 feet, is
(C) speeds of up to 150 miles per hour and 200 feet high, are
(D) speeds of up to 150 miles per hour and heights of up to 200 feet, is
(E) speeds of up to 150 miles per hour and as high as 200 feet, are
